Реферат: Philosophers

/>Аl-Faràbi,Abu Nasr (872-950)

Persian Islamicneoplatonist who employed Aristotelian logic in support of his arguments forthe existence of god and used Plato'sRepublic as the model forhis own description of civil society in Principlesof Citizens of the Virtuous City.

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Ibn Sina, Abù'Alì al-Husayn (980-1037)

Persian Islamicphilosopher and physician whose KitabAl-Shifa(Bookof Healing)commented on the philosophy of Aristotle.As a leading neoplatonist, Ibn Sina emphasized the causal necessity thatcharacterizes emanations from the divine, but supposed that human knowledge canbest be achieved by mystical illumination.

Neoplatonism

Philosophical system developed byPlotinus and others. Nominally derived from Plato's metaphysics, neoplatonic philosophyregards the natural world as a series of emanations from the nature of god.During most of the medieval period, this system was the most influentialversion of Plato's thought.

A tradition, datingfrom the medieval period, concerned with promoting and defending significantportions of the philosophy of Aristotle.