Реферат: The development of computers in ukraine and the former USSR

The government and the authorities hadpaid serious attention to the development of the computer industry right afterthe Second World War. The leading bodies considered this task to be one of theprincipal for the national economy.

Up to the beginning of the 1950s there were only smallproductive capacities which specialized in the producing accounting andaccount-perforating (punching) machines. The electronic numerical computerengineering was only arising and the productive capacities for it were close tothe naught.

The first serious steps in the development of production basewere made initially in the late 1950s when the work on creating the firstindustry samples of the electronic counting machines was finished and therewere created M-20, “Ural-1”, “Minsk-1”, which together with theirsemi-conductor successors (M-220, “Ural-11-14”, “Minsk-22” and “Minsk-32”)created in the 1960s were the main ones in the USSR until the computers of thethird generation were put into the serial production, that is until the early1970s.

In the 1960s the science-research and assembling base wasenlarged. As the result of this measures, all researches connected withcreating and putting into the serial production of semi-conductor electroniccomputing machines were almost finished. That allowed to stop the production ofthe first generation machines beginning from the 1964.

Next decades the whole branch of the computer engineering hadbeen created. The important steps were undertaken to widen the productivecapacities for the 3d generation machines.

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