Реферат: Теория автоматического управления

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">МИНИСТЕРСТВОВЫСШЕГО И СРЕДНЕГО

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">СПЕЦИАЛЬНОГООБРАЗОВАНИЯ РФ

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">НОВОСИБИРСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Расчетно-графическаяработа №1

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»"> По курсу

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">“<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Теория автоматического управления<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">”<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»"><span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Студент:Стариков Д.А.  <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Группа:АС-513<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Преподаватель:кандидат технических наук, доцент <span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Кошкин Юрий Николаевич

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Кзащите: 1 декабря 1997г <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Оценка:_________________________<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Подписьпреподавателя: __________

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Новосибирск, 1997 г.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»"><span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: RU;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> 

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1078"><span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">Вариант 25

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">V<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image009.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1048 _x0000_s1049 _x0000_s1050 _x0000_s1051 _x0000_s1052 _x0000_s1055 _x0000_s1056 _x0000_s1057 _x0000_s1058 _x0000_s1059 _x0000_s1060 _x0000_s1061 _x0000_s1062 _x0000_s1064 _x0000_s1067 _x0000_s1068 _x0000_s1069 _x0000_s1070 _x0000_s1071 _x0000_s1072 _x0000_s1073 _x0000_s1074 _x0000_s1075 _x0000_s1076 _x0000_s1077"><span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">


<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">Вид воздействия

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">       <span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">V(p)

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image011.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1082">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Виды передаточных функций

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image014.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1080 _x0000_s1081">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">Параметры схемы

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image016.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1085"> <img src="/cache/referats/1175/image018.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1084">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> 


<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">Показатели качества управления

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image020.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1086">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">1.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Найти<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> <span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">передаточные функции системы вразомкнутом и замкнутом состоянии по управляющему <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">V(p) <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">и возмущающему <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">F(p) <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">воздействиям<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">, <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">характеристическоеуравнение и матрицы А<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">,<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Ви С.

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image022.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1087">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Длязаписи характеристического уравнения приравняем знаменатель передаточнойфункции замкнутой системы к нулю.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image024.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1088">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Переходим к записи дифференциальногоуравнения, описывающему поведение исследуемой системы в динамике

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image028.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1089 _x0000_s1090 _x0000_s1091">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">Используя переменные состояния в виде

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image030.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1092">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language: EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">можноперейти к дифференциальным уравнениям состояния в форме Коши

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image032.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1093">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Из этого определяем матрицы А, В, С<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> :

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image034.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1042">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Определение устойчивости исследуемойсистемы двумя критериями.<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2.1

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Частотныйкритерий Найквиста в логарифмическом масштабе.<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Запишемпередаточную функцию разомкнутой системы

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image036.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1094">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language: EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Данная система состоит из 3 типовыхзвеньев

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image038.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1095">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language: EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;layout-grid-mode: line">                                               

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:21.0pt;mso-text-raise:-21.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image040.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025">                             

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image042.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"><span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:21.0pt;mso-text-raise:-21.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image044.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027">                          

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image046.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028"><span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:21.0pt;mso-text-raise:-21.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image048.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029">    

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise: -3.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image050.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030"><span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;layout-grid-mode: line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image052.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031">                            <img src="/cache/referats/1175/image054.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032">           

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;position:relative; top:12.5pt;mso-text-raise:-12.5pt;layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image056.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033"><span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; position:relative;top:3.0pt;mso-text-raise:-3.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:300.0pt;mso-text-raise:-300.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image058.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:252.0pt;mso-text-raise:-252.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image060.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Расчетнаятаблица для ЛАХ и ЛФХ:

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; position:relative;top:686.0pt;mso-text-raise:-686.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image062.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image064.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image066.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image068.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image070.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image072.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1041"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image074.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1042">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image076.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1097">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language: EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Из графиков

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">ЛАХ и ЛФК видно, что точка пересеченияЛАХ с осью абсцисс лежит правее точки, где фазовый сдвиг достигает значенияравного –180.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Значит система неустойчива.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2.2

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">КритерийГурвица

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image078.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1098"><span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Приравниваем знаменатель передаточнойфункции замкнутой системы к нулю и записываем характеристическое уравнение

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Составляемопределитель Гурвица

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image080.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1099">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">Для того, чтобы линейная динамическая система была устойчива,необходимо и достаточно, чтобы все диагональные миноры определителя Гурвица исам определитель имели знаки, одинаковые со знаком первого коэффициентахарактеристического уравнения, т.е. были положительными<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image082.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1100">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">3.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Определяемзначение критического коэффициента усиления разомкнутой системы, при которомСАУ будет находиться на границе устойчивости, с помощью критерия Гурвица

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">Выпишем знаменатель ПФ в замкнутом состоянии и приравняемего к нулю, получим характеристическое уравнение:

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image085.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1101 _x0000_s1111">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Для определения критическогокоэффициента приравняем к нулю      (

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">n — 1)<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»"> диагональный минор в определителиГурвица для данного характеристического уравнения и получим выражение<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:RU;mso-fareast-language: RU;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»"> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">4. Исследовать влияние одного из параметров системы наустойчивость системы (метод Д-разбиения).

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Исследуем влияние параметра

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">T1<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»"> на устойчивость системы методомД-разбиения.<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">          Для получениякривой Д-разбиения решим характеристическое уравнение (знаменатель ПФ взамкнутом состоянии) относительно

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">T1.

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image087.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1102">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Задаваясь частотой –

¥<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">£<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»"> w<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»"> £<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»"> +¥<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»"> строим кривую Д-разбиения и штрихуем левуюсторону кривой при движении по ней с увеличением частоты от –¥<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">до +¥<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

1.<span Times New Roman"">    

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">В1 области К правых корней

2.<span Times New Roman"">    

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Из1 во 3 (К+1) правых корней

3.<span Times New Roman"">    

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Из3 во 2 (К+2) правых корней

4.<span Times New Roman"">    

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Из2 в  3 (К+1) правых корней

5.<span Times New Roman"">    

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Из3 в  1 К правых корней

6.<span Times New Roman"">    

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Из1 в  4 (К-1) правых корней

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Далее проводим анализ полученныхполуплоскостей с точки зрения выделения полуплоскости, претендующей наустойчивость, т.е. такой, которая будет содержать наименьшее число правых корней.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Таким образом, полуплоскость 4 — полуплоскость претендент на устойчивость. Проверим по критерию Гурвицаустойчивость для того значения параметра, который находиться внутри полуплоскости- претендента, т.е. в отрезке лежащем на вещественной оси от 19  до +

¥<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Расчетнаятаблица:

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">w

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">P(w)

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Q(w)

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">67.4

¥<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language: EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">13.76

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">-0.381

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">-13.76

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">-0.381

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">28-3.2*10-19i

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0.025

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">-28+3.2*10-19i

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0.025

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">-8.7*10-19-40i

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">-0.031

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">-0.00176i

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">8.7*10-19+40i

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">-0.031

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0.00176i

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">3.2+2.8*10-18i

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">19

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">-3.2-2.8*10-18i

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">19

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0

¥<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language: EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">0

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; position:relative;top:176.0pt;mso-text-raise:-176.0pt;layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image089.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1043">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:248.0pt;mso-text-raise:-248.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image091.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1044">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Возьмем

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">T1=25

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">Тогда

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">, <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">характеристическое уравнение<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">будет<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image093.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1103">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Составляем определитель Гурвица

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image095.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1104">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language: EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Всеопределители больше нуля значит, система устойчива при

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">19£<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">T1£¥<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">.<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">5.Синтезкорректирующего устройства, обеспечивающее требуемые показатели качества вустановившемся и переходном режимах.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Синтезируем корректирующее устройстводля заданной системы, т.к. согласно п.2 она неустойчива. По заданнымпоказателям качества строим желаемую ЛАХ разомкнутой системы.

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image097.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1105">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Определяем (по графику для определениякоэффициента

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> K0<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">по допустимому перерегулированию):

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Проводим асимптоту с наклоном -20дб/дек через частоту среза  до пересеченияс заданной ЛАХ. В высокочастотной области проводим асимптоту с наклоном –80дб/дек и получаем желаемую ЛАХ.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Вычитание ЛАХ исходной системы из ЛАХжелаемой системы получаем ЛАХ корректирующего устройства. По полученной ЛАХподбираем корректирующее устройство, его передаточная функция имеет вид:

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image099.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1116"> <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image101.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1106">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language: EN-US">


<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Строим структурную схему скорректированнойсистемы

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Записываем ПФ скорректированной системыв разомкнутом  и замкнутом состояниях

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<img src="/cache/referats/1175/image103.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1108">
<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:12.0pt;mso-text-raise:-12.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image105.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1045">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise:-15.5pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image107.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1046">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise:-15.5pt; layout-grid-mode:line">где

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise: -15.5pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;layout-grid-mode:line">L4<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise:-15.5pt;layout-grid-mode:line">(<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise:-15.5pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US; layout-grid-mode:line">w<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise: -15.5pt;layout-grid-mode:line">) <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;position:relative; top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise:-15.5pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;layout-grid-mode: line">– <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise:-15.5pt; layout-grid-mode:line">ЛАХ и <span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise: -15.5pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;layout-grid-mode:line">F4(w)<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise:-15.5pt;layout-grid-mode:line"> – ЛФК скорректированной системы.<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:300.0pt;mso-text-raise:-300.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image109.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1047">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:252.0pt;mso-text-raise:-252.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image111.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1048">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">Запас устойчивости по фазе

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">   j<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">=15°<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»">По построенным ЛФХ и ЛАХ видно, чтоскорректированная система устойчива

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> (<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">критерий Найквиста<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">)<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">          Для проверкипоказателей качества скорректированной системы строим ВЧХ замкнутой системы

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">:

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:15.5pt;mso-text-raise:-15.5pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image113.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1049">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:288.0pt;mso-text-raise:-288.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image115.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1050">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:288.0pt;mso-text-raise:-288.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image117.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1051">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Трапеции будут выглядить так:

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;position:relative;top:288.0pt;mso-text-raise:-288.0pt; layout-grid-mode:line"><img src="/cache/referats/1175/image119.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1052">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Получили четыретрапеции, теперь определим параметры для каждой

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»">из <span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">трапеций.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">Wd1

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">12

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">Wd2

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">18

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">Wd3

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">19

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">Wd4

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">23

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">Wp1

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">18

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">Wp2

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">19

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">Wp3

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">23

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">Wp4

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">30

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">P1

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">-1,8

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">P2

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">12,2

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">P3

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">-9,07

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">P4

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">-1,6

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">X1

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">0,666

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family: «Times New Roman»;color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">X2

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">0,9

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;layout-grid-mode:line">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-bidi-font-f

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