Реферат: Великая отечественная война (краткий военно-политический очерк)
<span Courier New";mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;letter-spacing:-.05pt;mso-font-width:82%">ВЕЛИКАЯ
<span Courier New";mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;letter-spacing:-.6pt;mso-font-width:82%">ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ
<span Courier New";mso-bidi-font-family:«Times New Roman»; color:black;letter-spacing:.8pt;mso-font-width:82%">ВОЙНА
<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:-.25pt">Краткий
<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:-.25pt">военно-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:-.25pt">политический<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:-.25pt">очерк<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:RU;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">В
<span Times New Roman";color:black">еликая
<span Times New Roman";color:black">Отечественная<span Times New Roman";color:black">война1941 <span Times New Roman";color:black">— 1945<span Times New Roman";color:black">—справедливая, <span Times New Roman";color:black">освободительная война<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">народа<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">за<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">свободу<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">незави<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">симость<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">социалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">Родины<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">против <span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">фаш. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">Германии<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">её<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">союзников, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">важ<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">нейшая<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">решающая<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">часть<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">Второй<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">ми<span Times New Roman";color:black">ровой<span Times New Roman";color:black">войны1939<span Times New Roman";color:black">—45.<span Times New Roman";color:black">Накануне
<span Times New Roman";color:black">войны<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1940 <span Times New Roman";color:black">терр. <span Times New Roman";color:black">СССР<span Times New Roman";color:black">составляла 22,1 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">км2, <span Times New Roman"; color:black">население—194,1 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">чел. <span Times New Roman";color:black">В<span Times New Roman";color:black">СССР— единое<span Times New Roman";color:black">многонац. <span Times New Roman";color:black">гос-<span Times New Roman";color:black">во<span Times New Roman";color:black">—входили16 <span Times New Roman";color:black">союзных<span Times New Roman";color:black">республик, <span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black">к-<span Times New Roman";color:black">рых<span Times New Roman";color:black">было20 <span Times New Roman";color:black">авт. <span Times New Roman";color:black">республик, 9 <span Times New Roman";color:black">авт. <span Times New Roman";color:black">областей, 10 <span Times New Roman";color:black">нац. <span Times New Roman";color:black">округов. <span Times New Roman";color:black">Согласно<span Times New Roman";color:black">адм.-<span Times New Roman";color:black">терр. <span Times New Roman";color:black">делению<span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black">СССР<span Times New Roman";color:black">насчитывалось107 <span Times New Roman";color:black">краёв<span Times New Roman";color:black">и<span Times New Roman";color:black">областей, 8 <span Times New Roman";color:black">адм. <span Times New Roman";color:black">округов.<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">В
<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">результате<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">индустриализации<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">страны, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">коллективизации<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">с. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">х-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">ва, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">культурной<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">революции<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">утвердился <span Times New Roman";color:black">новый, <span Times New Roman";color:black">социалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black">обществ, <span Times New Roman";color:black">и<span Times New Roman";color:black">гос. <span Times New Roman";color:black">строй<span Times New Roman";color:black">—<span Times New Roman";color:black">основа экономич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">воен. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">могущества<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">Сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">Союза. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">В<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">СССР <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">были<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">полностью<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">ликвидированы<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">эксплуататорские <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.35pt">классы. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.35pt">Сложился<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.35pt">прочный<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.35pt">союз<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.35pt">двух<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.35pt">дружеств. <span Times New Roman";color:black">классов—рабочего<span Times New Roman";color:black">класса<span Times New Roman"; color:black">СССР<span Times New Roman";color:black">и<span Times New Roman";color:black">колхозного<span Times New Roman";color:black">крестьянства<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">связанной<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">с<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">ними<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">народной<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">интелли<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">генции. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">Социалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">система<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">х-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">ва<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">стала<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">единственной<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">в<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">пром-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">сти<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">господствующей<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">с. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">х-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">ве, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">утверди<span Times New Roman";color:black">лись<span Times New Roman"; color:black">две<span Times New Roman";color:black">формы<span Times New Roman";color:black">социалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black">собственности— общенародная(<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">государственная) <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">кооперативно-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">колхозная.<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">За
<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">короткий<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">ист. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">срок<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">Сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">Союзе<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">были<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">достигнуты<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">исключительные<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">результаты<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">в<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">политич., <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">экономич. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">культурном<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">подъёме<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">народов. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">Под<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">руководством Коммунистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">партии<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">благодаря<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">ленинской<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">нац. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">политике<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">ранее<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">отсталые<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">окраины<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">России<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">превратились<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">в промышленно<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">развитые<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">социалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">республики. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">В <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">борьбе<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">за<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">построение<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">социализма<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">сформировались новые, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">социалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">нации. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">Под<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">знаменем<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">пролетар<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">ского<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">интернационализма<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">укреплялось<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">их<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">братское <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.3pt">сотрудничество<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.3pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.3pt">составе<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.3pt">Союза<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.3pt">ССР.<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">Происшедшие
<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">жизни<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">страны<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">глубокие<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">изменения <span Times New Roman";color:black">были<span Times New Roman"; color:black">отражены<span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black">Конституции<span Times New Roman";color:black">СССР1936, <span Times New Roman";color:black">к-<span Times New Roman";color:black">рая<span Times New Roman";color:black"> закрепила<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">победу<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">социализма<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">СССР, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">основы<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">соци<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">алистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">обществ, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">и<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">гос. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">строя, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">систему<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">органов<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">Сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">гос-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">ва, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">принципы<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">их<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">организации<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">деятельности, <span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">осн. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">права<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">обязанности<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">граждан, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">наглядно<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">проде<span Times New Roman";color:black">монстрировав<span Times New Roman";color:black">тем<span Times New Roman";color:black">самым<span Times New Roman";color:black">превосходство<span Times New Roman";color:black">социалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.45pt">демократии<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.45pt">над<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.45pt">буржуазной. <span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.45pt">Экономич. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.45pt">основой<span Times New Roman"; color:black">СССР<span Times New Roman";color:black">стала<span Times New Roman";color:black">социалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black">система<span Times New Roman";color:black">х-<span Times New Roman";color:black">ва<span Times New Roman";color:black">и<span Times New Roman";color:black">социалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">собственность<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">на<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">орудия<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">средства<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">произ-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">ва, <span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">поли<span Times New Roman";color:black">тич. <span Times New Roman";color:black">основой<span Times New Roman";color:black">—<span Times New Roman";color:black">Советы<span Times New Roman";color:black">депутатов<span Times New Roman";color:black">трудящихся, <span Times New Roman";color:black">к-<span Times New Roman";color:black">рым<span Times New Roman";color:black"> принадлежала<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">вся<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">власть<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">стране. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">С<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">победой<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">соци<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">ализма<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">ещё<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">более<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">возрос<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">авторитет<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">СССР<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">на<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">между-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">нар. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">арене.<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">Благодаря
<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">самоотверженным<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">усилиям<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">трудящихся <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">Сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">Союз<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">располагал<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">значительной<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">материально-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.3pt">технич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.3pt">базой(<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.3pt">см. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.3pt">Экономика). <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.3pt">Валовая<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.3pt">продукция <span Times New Roman";color:black">всей<span Times New Roman";color:black">пром-<span Times New Roman";color:black">сти<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1940 <span Times New Roman";color:black">увеличилась<span Times New Roman";color:black">по<span Times New Roman";color:black">сравнению<span Times New Roman";color:black">с 1913 <span Times New Roman";color:black">в7,7 <span Times New Roman";color:black">раза, <span Times New Roman";color:black">произ-<span Times New Roman";color:black">во<span Times New Roman";color:black">средств<span Times New Roman";color:black">произ-<span Times New Roman";color:black">ва<span Times New Roman";color:black">—в13,4,<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:RU;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><span Times New Roman";color:black">маш-<span Times New Roman";color:black">ния
<span Times New Roman";color:black">и<span Times New Roman";color:black">металлообработки(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black">физич. <span Times New Roman";color:black">единицах) <span Times New Roman";color:black">—<span Times New Roman";color:black">в 30, <span Times New Roman";color:black">энерговооружённость<span Times New Roman";color:black">труда<span Times New Roman";color:black">—. <span Times New Roman";color:black">в5, <span Times New Roman";color:black">электровооружённость<span Times New Roman";color:black">труда—в8, <span Times New Roman";color:black">производительность<span Times New Roman";color:black">труда—в 3,8 <span Times New Roman";color:black">раза. <span Times New Roman";color:black">По<span Times New Roman";color:black">выпуску<span Times New Roman";color:black">валовой<span Times New Roman";color:black">продукции<span Times New Roman";color:black">маш-<span Times New Roman";color:black">ния, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">добыче<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">нефти<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">и<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">произ-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">ву<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">тракторов<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">СССР<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">занял1-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">е <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">место<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">Европе<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">и2-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">е<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">место<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">мире; <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">по<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">произ-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">ву<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt"> <span Times New Roman";color:black">электроэнергии, <span Times New Roman";color:black">чугуна<span Times New Roman";color:black">и<span Times New Roman";color:black">стали<span Times New Roman";color:black">—2-<span Times New Roman";color:black">е<span Times New Roman";color:black">место<span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black">Европе и3-<span Times New Roman";color:black">е<span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black">мире; <span Times New Roman";color:black">по<span Times New Roman";color:black">добыче<span Times New Roman";color:black">угля, <span Times New Roman";color:black">произ-<span Times New Roman";color:black">ву<span Times New Roman";color:black">цемента—3-<span Times New Roman";color:black">е место<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.4pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.4pt">Европе<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.4pt">и4-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.4pt">е<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.4pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.4pt">мире.<span Times New Roman";color:black">В
1940 <span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black">Сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black">Союзе<span Times New Roman";color:black">произведено14,9 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">т чугуна(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в3,5 <span Times New Roman";color:black">раза<span Times New Roman";color:black">больше, <span Times New Roman";color:black">чем<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1913), 18,3 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">т стали(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в4,3 <span Times New Roman";color:black">раза<span Times New Roman";color:black">больше), 166 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">т<span Times New Roman";color:black">каменного<span Times New Roman";color:black">угля (<span Times New Roman";color:black">в5,7 <span Times New Roman";color:black">раза<span Times New Roman";color:black">больше), 31,1 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">т<span Times New Roman";color:black">нефти, <span Times New Roman";color:black">включая газовый<span Times New Roman";color:black">конденсат(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в3 <span Times New Roman";color:black">раза<span Times New Roman";color:black">больше); <span Times New Roman";color:black">произ-<span Times New Roman";color:black">во<span Times New Roman";color:black">электроэнергии<span Times New Roman";color:black">достигло48,6 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млрд. <span Times New Roman";color:black">кВт-<span Times New Roman";color:black">ч(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1913<span Times New Roman";color:black">— 2 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млрд. <span Times New Roman";color:black">кВт-<span Times New Roman";color:black">ч); <span Times New Roman";color:black">эксплуатац. <span Times New Roman";color:black">длина<span Times New Roman";color:black">жел. <span Times New Roman";color:black">дорог<span Times New Roman";color:black">составляла106,1 <span Times New Roman";color:black">тыс. <span Times New Roman";color:black">км(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1913 <span Times New Roman";color:black">—71,7). <span Times New Roman";color:black">Значит, <span Times New Roman";color:black">успехи были<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:2.15pt">иве.<span Times New Roman";color:black">х-<span Times New Roman";color:black">ве. <span Times New Roman";color:black">Ок. 237 <span Times New Roman";color:black">тыс. <span Times New Roman";color:black">колхозов<span Times New Roman";color:black">объединяли 97% <span Times New Roman";color:black">всех<span Times New Roman";color:black">крест, <span Times New Roman";color:black">дворов; <span Times New Roman";color:black">было4,2 <span Times New Roman";color:black">тыс. <span Times New Roman";color:black">совхозов. <span Times New Roman";color:black">Вся посевная<span Times New Roman";color:black">площадь<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1940 <span Times New Roman";color:black">составляла150,6 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">га(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в 1913<span Times New Roman";color:black">—118,2 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">га), <span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black">т.<span Times New Roman";color:black">ч. <span Times New Roman";color:black">под<span Times New Roman";color:black">зерновыми<span Times New Roman";color:black">— 110,7 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">га(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1913<span Times New Roman";color:black">—104,6 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">га). <span Times New Roman";color:black">Произ-<span Times New Roman";color:black">во<span Times New Roman";color:black">зерна достигло95,6 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">т(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1913<span Times New Roman";color:black">—86 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">т), <span Times New Roman";color:black">хлопка-<span Times New Roman";color:black">сырца—2,24 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">т(<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1913<span Times New Roman";color:black">—0,74 <span Times New Roman";color:black">млн. <span Times New Roman";color:black">т). <span Times New Roman";color:black">Насчитывалось7069 <span Times New Roman";color:black">МТС(531 <span Times New Roman";color:black">тыс. <span Times New Roman";color:black">тракторов, 182 <span Times New Roman";color:black">тыс. <span Times New Roman";color:black">зерноуборочных<span Times New Roman";color:black">комбайнов, 228 <span Times New Roman";color:black">тыс. <span Times New Roman";color:black">груз, <span Times New Roman";color:black">автомобилей).<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">Обстановка
<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">накануне<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">войны. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">Положение<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">мире <span Times New Roman";color:black">весной1941 <span Times New Roman";color:black">характеризовалось<span Times New Roman";color:black">сложностью<span Times New Roman";color:black">межгосударственных<span Times New Roman";color:black">отношений, <span Times New Roman";color:black">таивших<span Times New Roman";color:black">опасность<span Times New Roman";color:black">дальнейшего<span Times New Roman";color:black">расширения<span Times New Roman";color:black">масштабов<span Times New Roman";color:black">начавшейся<span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black">сент. 1939 2-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">й<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">мировой<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">войны. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">Агрессивный<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">блок<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">сил<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">мирового <span Times New Roman";color:black">империализма—Германии, <span Times New Roman";color:black">Италии<span Times New Roman";color:black">и<span Times New Roman";color:black">Японии<span Times New Roman";color:black">— расширился<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">укрепился, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">к<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">нему<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">присоединились королевская<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">Румыния, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">хортистская<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">Венгрия, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">царская <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">Болгария, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">а<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">также<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">Финляндия. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">Этот<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">блок<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">поддержи<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">вала<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">вся<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">междунар. <span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">империалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">реакция.<span Times New Roman";color:black">Ещё
<span Times New Roman";color:black">до<span Times New Roman";color:black">начала2-<span Times New Roman";color:black">й<span Times New Roman";color:black">мировой<span Times New Roman";color:black">войны<span Times New Roman";color:black">мощной<span Times New Roman";color:black">социаль-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">но-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">политич. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">силой, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">противостоявшей<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">агрессивным<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">проискам<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">империализма<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">настойчиво<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">добивавшейся <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">создания<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">системы<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">коллективной<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">безопасности<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">Ев<span Times New Roman";color:black">ропе, <span Times New Roman"; color:black">был<span Times New Roman";color:black">Сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black">Союз(<span Times New Roman";color:black">см. <span Times New Roman";color:black">Внешняя<span Times New Roman";color:black">политика<span Times New Roman";color:black">СССР), <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">однако<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">зап. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">державы<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">не<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">поддержали<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">его<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">предложе<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.4pt">ния. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.4pt">Они<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.4pt">не<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.4pt">пошли<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.4pt">на<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.4pt">соглашение<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.4pt">о<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.4pt">совместной <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">борьбе<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">против<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">агрессора<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">во<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">время<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">сов.-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">англо-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">франц. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">переговоров. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">В<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">создавшихся<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">условиях<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">СССР<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">вынуж<span Times New Roman";color:black">ден<span Times New Roman";color:black">был<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1939 <span Times New Roman";color:black">согласиться<span Times New Roman";color:black">на<span Times New Roman";color:black">заключение<span Times New Roman";color:black">договора о<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">ненападении<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">с<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">Германией. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">Подписав<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">этот<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">договор, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">Сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">пр-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">во<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">сорвало<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">планы<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">империалистич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">кругов<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">зап. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">держав, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">рассчитывавших<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">на<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">столкновение<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">СССР<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">и Германии<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">крайне<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">невыгодных<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">для<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">СССР<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">условиях. <span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">Сов.-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">герм, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">договор<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">предотвратил<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">образование<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">единого<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">фронта<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">империалистич. roc-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">против.<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">СССР, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">способ<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">ствовал<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">созданию<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">более<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">благоприятной<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">обстановки на<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">Д. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">Востоке, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">Сов. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">Союз<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">получил<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">возможность<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">в <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">течение<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">ещё<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">почти<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">двух<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">лет<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">продолжать<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">укреплять <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">обороноспособность<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">страны.<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:RU;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">Великая
<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">Отечественная<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">война<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-fareast-font-family: «Times New Roman»;mso-ansi-language:RU;mso-fareast-language:RU;mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><span Times New Roman",«serif»">
<span Times New Roman"; color:black">Фаш
. <span Times New Roman";color:black">Германия<span Times New Roman";color:black">в1938<span Times New Roman";color:black">—41 <span Times New Roman";color:black">оккупировала12 <span Times New Roman";color:black">гос-<span Times New Roman";color:black">в<span Times New Roman";color:black"> Европы. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">В<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">Польше, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">Чехословакии, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">Дании, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">Нидерлан<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">дах, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">Норвегии, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">Бельгии, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">Югославии, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">Греции — <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.15pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.15pt">др. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">странах, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">а<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">также<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">на<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">значит, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">части<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.25pt">Франции<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.25pt">был <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">установлен<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">нацистский<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.2pt">«новый<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.2pt">порядок».<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.35pt">Путём
<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.35pt">милитаризации<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.35pt">экономики<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.35pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.35pt">всей<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.35pt">жизни <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">страны, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">захвата<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">пром-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">сти<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">запасов<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">стратегич. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">сырья <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">др. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">стран, <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">принудит, <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">использования<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">дешёвой<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">рабочей силы<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">оккупированных<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">и<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">союзных<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">гос-<span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">в<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">фаш. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">Германия создала<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">огромный<span Times New Roman"; color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">воен.-<span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">экономич. <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.05pt">потенциал. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.05pt">Воен. <span Times New Roman"; color:black">произ-<span Times New Roman";color:black">во<span Times New Roman";color:black">фаш. <span Times New Roman";color:black">Германии<span Times New Roman";color:black">с1934 <span Times New Roman";color:black">по1940 <span Times New Roman";color:black">увеличилось в22 <span Times New Roman";color:black">раза. <span Times New Roman";color:black">Почти<span Times New Roman";color:black">в36 <span Times New Roman";color:black">раз(<span Times New Roman";color:black">со105 <span Times New Roman";color:black">тыс. <span Times New Roman";color:black">до3755 <span Times New Roman";color:black">тыс. <span Times New Roman";color:black;letter-spacing:.1pt">чел.) <span Times New Roman";color:black; letter-spacing:.1pt">возросла<
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