Реферат: Canada Guide

<img src="/cache/referats/19701/image002.jpg" align=«left» hspace=«12» v:shapes="_x0000_s1031">Parliament of <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region> 

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-ansi-language:EN">The Parliament of Canada (in French:le Parlement du Canada) is on the ParliamentHill in Ottawa,Ontario.The future of the country is decided in this building.

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<st1:City w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Niagara Falls</st1:place></st1:City>

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»">The CANADIAN PART of the Niagara Fallsin width about 800 m and height 48 m through which passes about 90 % of a drainof the river of Niagara.

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History

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-ansi-language:EN">Aboriginal people(they call them First Nations) lived on the <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:PlaceType w:st=«on»>territory</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>at least 10,000 years ago. At 1000, Vikings settled for a short time at L'Anse aux Meadows. TheFrench settled the St. Lawrence and AtlanticCanada regions in the 16thand 17thcenturies.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-ansi-language:EN">Francesurrendered to Britainnearly all of New France, including Acadia and whatcomprises present-day Quebec and Ontario in the Treaty ofParis of 1763.<st1:country-region w:st=«on»>Britain</st1:country-region> established thecolonies of Nova Scotia, Lower Canada,and Upper Canada.New colonies were soon formed.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-ansi-language:EN">During and afterthe American Revolution, many British Loyalists left the ThirteenColonies to settle in <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>.Other settlers during this time came from Europe, in particular the British Isles.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-ansi-language:EN">On July 1,1867 three colonies — <st1:country-region w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:country-region>, <st1:State w:st=«on»>Nova Scotia</st1:State>,and <st1:State w:st=«on»>New Brunswick</st1:State> received from <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Britain</st1:place></st1:country-region>constitution. This may the Dominion of Canada was formed. It consisted of theprovinces of <st1:State w:st=«on»>Nova Scotia</st1:State>, <st1:City w:st=«on»>New Brunswick</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st=«on»>Quebec</st1:State> (formerly CanadaEast), and <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Ontario</st1:place></st1:State>(formerly Canada West).

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-ansi-language:EN">Other Britishcolonies and territories soon joined <st1:country-region w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:country-region>:by 1880,<st1:country-region w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:country-region> included all of itspresent area except for Newfoundland and Labrador, which joined in1949.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-ansi-language:EN">In the secondhalf of the 20th century, some there were citizens of themainly French-speaking <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:PlaceType w:st=«on»>province</st1:PlaceType> of Quebec demanded independence there were two referendums in 1980 and 1995. In the <a href=«en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980_Quebec_referendum» " title=«1980 Quebec referendum»>1980 referendum

the vote against independence was 60%; in the <a href=«en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1995_Quebec_referendum» " title=«1995 Quebec referendum»>1995 Quebec referendum the vote against independence was 50.6%.Many think that in future there must take place another referendum.</st1:place>

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Placement and Neighbors

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Official languages

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»">English & French, federally

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Capital

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Ottawa

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Largest city

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Toronto

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Political system

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Confederation with <a href=«en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_democracy» " title=«Parliamentary democracy»>parliamentary democracy

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Population

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">
  — <span Arial",«sans-serif»">July 2005<span Arial",«sans-serif»"> est.
  — <span Arial",«sans-serif»">Density<span Arial",«sans-serif»">

<span Arial",«sans-serif»"><a href=«en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population» " title=«List of countries by population»>Ranked 35th


32,805,041
4/kmІ ( <a href=«en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population_density» " title=«List of countries by population density»>222nd)

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">GDP

<span Arial",«sans-serif»"> (2004)
  — Total (PPP)
  — Total
  — GDP/head (PPP)
  — GDP/head

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$1.056 trillion (<a href=«en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_%28PPP%29» " title=«List of countries by GDP (PPP)»>11th

)
$0.834 trillion (<a href=«en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_%28nominal%29» " title=«List of countries by GDP (nominal)»>9th)
$32,463 (<a href=«en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_%28PPP%29_per_capita» " title=«List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita»>6th)
$29,900 (<a href=«en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_%28nominal%29_per_capita» " title=«List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita»>18th)

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Canadian dollar ($)

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Time zone

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»">UTC −3.5 to −8

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">National anthem

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<span Arial",«sans-serif»">O Canada

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<st1:country-region w:st=«on»><span Arial",«sans-serif»">Canada

</st1:country-region><span Arial",«sans-serif»"> is the second-largestcountry in the world (9 970 610 km2.) which is surpassed in thesizes only by <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:country-region w:st=«on»>Russia</st1:country-region></st1:place>.<st1:country-region w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:country-region> is located on thenorth from the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»>USA</st1:country-region>, between <st1:place w:st=«on»>Atlantic</st1:place> and Silent oceans. From the West on the east itreaches 7700 km, and from the north on the south — 4600 km. Almost 90 % of allpopulation of <st1:country-region w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:country-region> livewithin the limits of 160 km from border from the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Canada is divided into ten provincesand three territories, each of which has own capital (in brackets): Albert,British Columbia, Island Prins-Eduard, Manitoba, Fredericton, Nova Scotia, Nunavut,Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, New Land, North-West territories and Yukon.

<st1:country-region w:st=«on»><span Arial",«sans-serif»">Canada

</st1:country-region><span Arial",«sans-serif»"> borders in the south andin the West on the <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>.Extent of borders (including <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:State w:st=«on»>Alaska</st1:State></st1:place>)- 8893 km Extent of sea coast — 243 791 km.

<span Arial",«sans-serif»">The highest point of Canada is <st1:place w:st=«on»>Mount Logan</st1:place> in height in 5950 m above sea level.

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Traditions

<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-ansi-language: EN">Canada Day

<span Arial",«sans-serif»; mso-ansi-language:EN"> is Canada's national holiday. It is celebrated on July 1.<span Arial",«sans-serif»">Since 1958 the governmentestablishes annual ritual of carrying out of national day of <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Atfestival it is possible to look multinational and professional concerts on theParliamentary Hill, including the television show broadcast all over thecountry and with addition of fireworks in 15 basic cities on all country.<span Arial",«sans-serif»;mso-ansi-language:EN">Travel Preparations

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<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">Some norms ofbehavior of Canadians can seem to you more conservative in comparison with towhat you have got used in the country, others on the contrary more liberal.Probably, it will be interesting to you to learn, some of the accepted rules ofbehavior in <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>to not collide with misunderstanding and censure from Canadians and tofacilitate to itself arrangement in the new country.

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Thestandard rules of behavior:

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">All by turns

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»"> — at Canadians itis not accepted to be pushed in turn and to try to make the way without turn.All turns in <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>are under construction by a principle " Who the first has come, that andis served by the first ".

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">On a visit do notsmoke

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">- the most part of Canadians do not smoke. If you pay a visit someone before smokingit is necessary to ask permission of the owners. If owners do not smoke, you,most likely, will be suggested smoking in the street.

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">Punctuality, firstof all

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">- you should come always in time for work, on a meeting, to school. Those whooften is late, can discharge from office or exclude from school. The majorityof Canadians more than 10 or 15 minutes of the one who is late for a businessmeeting will not wait. If you are invited to action, it is meant, that you willarrive, a maximum during half an hour from appointed time of a meeting.

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">The valid attitudeto an environment

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">- Canadians are respectful to an environment and wait from you for the same.They hope that you will not throw out dust under legs or from a window of yourcar.

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">The tender is notpertinent

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">- in <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region>it is not accepted to bargain in occasion of the price, however there areexceptions. For example, almost each Canadian will try to agree about the bestprice, doing very dear purchase (the house, the machine, furniture).

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Where to drive on skis in the big city?

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">At the Canadiancity of <st1:City w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Quebec</st1:place></st1:City>which towers, similarly to the lock, on coast of the river Sacred Laurent, — colorfuland long history. Three main resorts, hundreds kilometers of high-speed linesand miles of descents for snowboarding surround this monumental city.Mont-Saint-Anne and <st1:City w:st=«on»>Stoneham</st1:City> as a magnet drawinhabitants and visitors of <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Quebec</st1:place></st1:State>,offering excellent lines and amazing descents. Le Massif, located approximatelyin an hour of driving from <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Quebec</st1:place></st1:State>,is unique mountain with descents which come to an end directly in the riverchained by an ice Sacred Laurent. Except for skis and a snowboard, in citythere is still a set of interesting employment and sights. The oldest businessstreet of <st1:place w:st=«on»>Northern America</st1:place> runs by ancientstone buildings and comes to an end at the river. Along narrow streets OldQuebec majestic houses in which hundreds restaurants and hotels now are locatedrise.

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<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">Transport: <st1:country-region w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Canada</st1:place></st1:country-region> is ahuge country. The best type of transport between the basic cities of thecountry — aircraft. The airports are in all large and average cities. Onlong-distance bus lines two companies «Greyhound» and«Voyageur» compete. To hitchhike on highway is not recommended. Inprovinces of <st1:State w:st=«on»>Ontario</st1:State> and <st1:State w:st=«on»><st1:place w:st=«on»>Quebec</st1:place></st1:State> special agencies which connectpassengers with drivers. It is cheap enough service there are.

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MarriottChateau Champlain

<span dir=«LTR» Arial",«sans-serif»">The 36-storeyedhotel, one of the most magnificent in <st1:City w:st=«on»>Montreal</st1:City>,is located in the center of a business centre of city, connected to undergroundCity and <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:PlaceName w:st=«on»>Molson</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType w:st=«on»>Center</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>. The hotel is in 1 km. Fromhistorical quarters Old Montreal and <st1:place w:st=«on»><st1:PlaceName w:st=«on»>Mount Royal</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType w:st=«on»>Park</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>,in 3 km from Montreal Casino. Beside 611 rooms of hotels there is a desktop, acolor cable television, phone, a minibar, a hair drier, an iron and an ironingtable, round-the-clock room-service. In hotel to services of visitorsrestaurants, a bar, the closed pool, a sauna, a jacuzzi, beauty saloon,business center, gift shop, laundry, dry-cleaner.

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